Fire accident analysis and preventive measures of

Fire accident analysis and preventive measures in gas stations

the storage and sales of flammable and explosive petroleum commodities in gas stations belong to high-risk industries. In recent years, due to various reasons or defects in design, construction, system and management, as well as many potential safety hazards in the safety management of some gas stations, it is easy to have safety accidents such as fire, which has caused great losses to the state and people's property. Therefore, we must not take it lightly and take it lightly. The following is an analysis of a fire accident in a gas station to talk about how to take reliable safety precautions and strengthen the safety management of the gas station

I. safety analysis of fire accident

(I) fire alarm in gas station

around 8 p.m. in August 1996, with a deafening noise, the oil storage tank area of a gas station undergoing oil unloading lifted up flames and black smoke more than ten meters high. The personnel on duty immediately call the police, and timely close the oil unloading valve of the oil tanker, and use the existing fire-fighting equipment in the station to put out the fire. Later, the fire was put out with the full efforts of the fire brigade

(II) fire accident investigation

1. Basic information of the gas station

the station was founded in March, 1993 and opened in October of that year, covering an area of 6 mu, with 6 fuel dispensers. There are three buried cylindrical oil tanks in the oil irrigation area, which is a key technology of the tensile testing machine. The material is carbon steel plate with a thickness of 5mm. The diameter is 2.5 meters, the tank length is 10.2 meters, and the volume is 50 cubic meters

2. Fire cause analysis

after the investigation of people, personnel on duty and surrounding people, and according to the inspection and test results of the fire scene and the weather conditions at that time, the accident investigation team made a comprehensive analysis of all aspects of the situation, and concluded that the cause of the fire accident was

(1) illegal operation of the oil keeper: inject oil directly from the oil measuring hole, causing a large amount of electrostatic charge to accumulate in the oil tank

(2) reasons for design and construction: the oil storage tank is not equipped with an electrostatic grounding wire, which makes the grounding resistance far greater than the provision of no more than 10 ohms in the Sinopec Group's "electrostatic safety regulations for flammable and combustible bodies"

(3) the static conductive rubber on the tank car is damaged, which makes the tank car unable to effectively release static electricity to the ground. It is the above three reasons that make the conductive steel wire of the unloading pipe discharge to the oil measuring orifice of the oil tank, produce sparks, ignite the gasoline mist volatilized from the oil measuring orifice, and cause a fire. And detonated the mixed oil and steam in the oil delivery ditch leading to the tanker, causing four tankers to be damaged. Therefore, we should start with the design, construction and management system and take reliable safety precautions to prevent similar accidents

II. Take reliable safety precautions from the design, construction and management system

(I) control the occurrence of electrostatic discharge from the design and construction stages according to the requirements of "three Simultaneities"

to avoid electrostatic ignition and detonation, one of the four conditions for generating electrostatic charge should be eliminated. That is: prevent or reduce the generation of static electricity, try to guide or neutralize the generated charge, so that it cannot gather the items convenient for calculating the experimental requirements into a high electric field; Avoid

electrostatic concentration and proper discharge gap formation; Control the explosive mixture concentration to prevent the discharge and the mixture with appropriate concentration from coexisting

1. The gas station must be strictly controlled from the beginning of construction, and the design and construction must be carried out in accordance with the design specifications of fuel gas stations. When there is a large difference between the L dimension in the direction of molten material movement and the w dimension perpendicular to the direction of molten material flow, the site planning, material procurement, equipment and electrical installation should comply with the relevant national regulations, and safety and fire protection should be put in the first place

2. After the completion of construction, the gas station must be accepted by the fire protection, safety, lightning protection, construction and other departments, and can only be operated after obtaining the fire safety license, dangerous goods business license, oil retail approval certificate, and industrial and commercial business license

3. Replace the static conductive rubber of the oil tank truck to form a good static electricity export path between the oil tank truck and the earth, so that the resistance value is not greater than 5 ohms

4. Replace the oil inlet joint of the oil storage tank, which can be matched with the oil unloading hose joint

5. Reinstall the grounding wire of the oil storage tank so that the leakage resistance to the ground is greater than 10 ohms

6. Install conductive jumper at the flange connection of pipe fittings, so that the resistance to ground at any point in the metal pipe fittings can be dialed to the manufacturer greater than 5 ohms

7. The selection, installation and use of electrical equipment in the gas station must comply with relevant electrical safety regulations. Check electrical equipment, replace all electrical equipment that is not explosion-proof with explosion-proof ones, and replace the lighting lines of street lamps and light boxes with buried cables

8. Do a good job in anti-corrosion of equipment and eliminate water and rust impurities at the bottom of the tank